Water Conservation Toolbox: Programs for Water Suppliers
Water utilities across North America save considerable amounts of water through water-efficiency programs. Climate and water availability typically drive the aggressiveness of communities' water conservation programs, with more substantial efforts being made in the southwestern states and Florida. Although these areas may have more significant shortages and more aggressive water use reduction programs, the conservation principles applied there are applicable to all areas regardless of the climate.
The Colorado Water Conservation Board and Aquacraft, Inc. published the Guidebook of Best Practices for Municipal Conservation in Colorado in 2010.
Evaluating Water Conservation Programs
There are several benefits and challenges to the implementation of water conservation programs. Benefits and costs of water conservation. The following tools have been developed to assist in the evaluation and selection of water conservation programs.
**NOTE: You need to maximize the workbook once you open it in order to utilize the features of these documents. By maximizing the workbook, you will be able to see the tabs at the bottom.
- Water Conservation Cost Benefit Assessment Tool
- Water Conservation Program Prioritization Tool
- Water Conservation Rate Structure Evaluation Tool
If you have questions or comments on these tools or any of the information provided in this toolbox please contact us by email at watersupply@metc.state.mn.us or by telephone at 651 602-1000.
Implementing a combination of programs tailored to your community's needs is the most effective way of reducing water use. To assist you in selecting water conservation programs, this Toolbox provides information in the following areas:
- Regulatory Programs
- Incentive Programs
- Education Programs
- Rate Structures
-
Stormwater reuse
See water conservation programs in use today throughout the metropolitan area.
Regulatory Programs
1. Soil preparation requirements
- Tips and Practices, Metropolitan Council
- Building Regulations: Lawn Requirements, Andover, MN
- Subdivision Code: Topsoil and Sodding, Prior Lake, MN
- Model Erosion and Sediment Control Ordinance, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- Erosion and Sediment Control Ordinance, City of Minneapolis, MN
2. Watering restrictions
- Tips and Practices, Metropolitan Council
- Watering Restrictions, City of Victoria, MN
- Watering Restrictions, City of Plymouth, MN
-
Watering Policy, City of Woodbury, MN
-
Rain sensor, model ordinance
- Water Wasting Lawn Irrigation, model ordinance
3. Landscaping requirements
- Tips and Practices, Metropolitan Council
- Model Municipal Ordinance Encouraging the Use of Native Plant Communities as an Alternative in Urban Landscape Design, Wild Ones
- Water Efficient Irrigation and Landscape Ordinance, City of Tampa Bay, FL
- A Guide to Developing a Community Tree Preservation Ordinance, Minnesota Shade Tree Advisory Committee
- Limitations on Water Use for Landscaping in New Developments and Landscaping Renovations, San Francisco, CA
- Tree Ratio, model ordinance
- Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance, California
4. Water using fixture retrofit
- Tips and Practices, Metropolitan Council
- Model Water Using Fixture Retrofit Ordinance, City of San Diego, CA
- Retrofit Upon Sale Ordinance, City of San Luis Obispo, CA
- Retrofit Upon Sale Ordinance, City of Santa Monica, CA
5. Other Regulatory Programs
- Model Ordinances to Protect Local Resources, U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- Water Conservation Ordinances, City of Tucson, AZ
Incentive Programs
Incentive programs can effectively encourage behavioral changes. For instance, a resident might be more apt to plant a garden with native plants or change a toilet if the materials are discounted.
1. Landscape rebates
- Tips and Practices, Metropolitan Council
- Rain Garden Cost-share Program, Rice Creek Watershed District
- Landscape Rebate Program, Southern Nevada Water Authority
2. Water using fixture and/or appliance rebates
- Tips and Practices, Metropolitan Council
- Appliance Rebate Program, City of Eden Prairie, MN
- Water Management Rebate Program Model, Southwest Florida
- Toilet and Washing Machine Rebate Program, City of San Luis Obispo, CA
Education Programs
Evaluating the impact of water conservation education is difficult. However, providing conservation messages on a regular basis through a variety of approaches (bill stuffers, newsletters, press releases, school outreach) helps to ensure the messages reach a large audience. Minnesota Statute 103G.291 requires that water suppliers have an education program as part of their conservation plan.
- Tips and Practices, Metropolitan Council
- Water: Use it wisely
- H2ouse
- WaterWiser
- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency
- Minnesota Native Plant Guide, MN Department of Natural Resources
- Water Conservation, Elk River, MN, Municipal Utilities
- Model water conservation brochure
- Industrial, Commercial and Institutional Water Audits, Alburquerque Bernalillo County Water Utility Authority
- Publicly Owned Treatment Works, Minnesota Technical Assistance Program, University of MN
Rate Structures
Minnesota Statutes, section 103G.291, was amended in 2008 to include a requirement for public water suppliers serving more than 1,000 people to adopt a water rate structure that encourages conservation. For more information on conservation rate structures visit the Department of Natural Resources website.
A residential rate structure development tool is available here to assist in the development of water conservation rate structures. Rate Structure Tool. This tool focuses on residential use and rates. Suppliers may want to establish different rate structures for commercial, industrial and institutional customer that promote conservation through higher rates for the uses that are above their normal operational needs.
Stormwater Reuse
Communities throughout the United States are using Stormwater as an alternative water source for irrigation. As the percent of impervious surface throughout the Twin Cities metropolitan area increases, stormwater runoff increases impacting water quality. Harvesting rainwater and using retention ponds to capture stormwater runoff for subsequent use can reduce the impacts of urban runoff, while conserving our water resources.
- Retention and Irrigation, California Stormwater Quality Association
- Stormwater Reuse, University of Central Florida
- Stormwater as an Alternative Source of Water Supply: Feasibility and Implications for Watershed Management, University of Florida
- Lawn and Landscape Irrigation Systems, Medina City Code
- Stormwater Manual: Drinking Water Source Areas, Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
- Stormwater calculator, Green Values